UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA - AFRICAN STUDIES CENTER |
News Briefs
* Exchange Programs
Three new linkage agreements involving Penn and universities
in sub-Saharan Africa are expected to be in place during
the 1996-7 academic year. They involve the University
of Ghana in Legon, the University of Nairobi in Kenya
and the University of Zimbabwe in Harare.
The most comprehensive is an exchange program between
the University of Zimbabwe and University of Pennsylvania
that will in initially involve undergraduate engineering
and liberal arts students from Penn taking courses
in Zimbabwe and students of faculty from the University
of Zimbabwe taking courses, participating in research
and teaching in Philadelphia. Penns School of Medicine
is currently negotiating with Zimbabwes medical school
to establish research and clinical relationships.
In the Zimbabwe exchange, Penn is acting as the lead
institution for the African Studies Consortium that
includes Bryn Mawr, Haverford, and Swarthmore Colleges.
This means students and faculty of all four institutions
will be able to participate in the linkage. Undergraduate
participants will be instructed in Shona or Ndebele
language and in Zimbabwe culture.
Swarthmore College is the lead institution for a study
abroad exchange with the University of Ghana in Legon.
The program is mainly for undergraduates but also
involves faculty exchanges. Students will attend the
University of Ghana under the guidance of a professor
working directly with Swarthmore, have access to individual
faculty tutors, and be encouraged to develop independent
research projects. Instruction in Twi will be available
to participants.
Bryn Mawr College is the lead institution for the consortium
in an exchange with the University of Nairobi, Kenyas
primary institution of higher learning. The program
again stresses undergraduate study abroad, but also
involves Nairobi faculty coming to Philadelphia. This
exchange will be administered in Nairobi by an on-site
coordinator and the Institute of African Studies.
* African Music and Dance
The students signed up for Kwame Botwe-Asamoahs Africa
Music and Dance Class this semester are getting more
than they anticipated. Some are music majors who had
been exposed to the theory of African music. They
wanted practical experience. Other students wanted
to learn about the religious and social functions of
music in traditional African societies. Some students
had traveled in Africa and wanted to reinforce what
they saw. A significant number of students were added
after hearing about it and dropping other classes.
No matter why the thirty-some undergraduate and graduate
students signed up, they are all experiencing the
organic relationship between African music and dance.
Botwe-Asamoah teaches his students that the two cannot
be separated. He ties their unity into African philosophy
introduces students to both the theory and practice
of music and dance.
But, it is not entirely theoretical. Botwe-Asamoah
teaches the students the vocabularies of traditional
music and dance, meanings of movements, and the functions
of form of music and dance in culture.
Botwe-Asamoahs approach is unique, because he integrates
both music and dance in his teaching and research.
Most scholars concentrate on one or the other. Botwe-Asamoahs
academic training and research interests in theater,
history, choreography, drumming, and dance reflect
the span of his expertise. He holds a BA in African
music and dance, an MA in history and an MFA in theater.
Botwe-Asamoah is currently completing his Ph.D. at
Temple in African-American Studies, concentrating on
African music and dance as an aspect of African theater
and an integrated art form. He has written several
articles on African music and dance and is currently
preparing a paper entitled Oneness of African Music
and Dance for publication.
*African Languages at Penn
African languages will be the focus of a festival on
April 13 from 4 to 7 in the McNeil Building. Three
main language courses are offered by the African language
program at Penn are Amharic, Kiswahili and Yoruba.
Amharic will also be offered in the summer of 1996.
African culture and traditions are incorporated into
this learning experience. Videos on different aspects
of African life are shown in the language classrooms.
Each semester, African language students participate
in an African language festival. They cook African
food, wear African clothes (in a fashion show), sing
and perform skits in the African languages which they
are studying. It is an evening when all students and
their instructors get together, talk and exchange ideas.
Others interested in Africa from the academic community
and from the public are also encouraged to attend.
* Summer Courses in African Studies at Penn
For Summer Session I (May 21 to June 28), Amharic I
and II (AFST 490 980 or LING 490 980) will be taught
by Johannes Hailu Monday -Friday from 9:00 to 1:30.
Amharic I is designed for students with no previous
knowledge of Amharic. The goals of the course are
in introduce students to the culture, customs and traditions
of the Amharas. Students will develop communicative
skills through listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
In Summer Session II (July 1 to August 9), Kwame Gyekye
will teach Introduction to African Philosophical Thought
(AFST 238 920 or PHIL 238 920). Classes will meet
Mondays and Wednesdays from 6 pm to 9 pm. This course
is designed to introduce students to the philosophical
thought of both the traditional sages and contemporary
thinkers of Africa. It explores the question of philosophy
in African culture in the traditional setting and will
take up methodological questions, such as: philosophy
and ethnophilosophy (individual and collective thought),
closed and open belief systems, and rationality. There
will be a critical examination of such concepts in
African thought as God, person, cause, human destiny,
reincarnation, evil, the paranormal, knowledge, truth.
Where pedagogically relevant and helpful, comparisons
will be made with Western philosophical ideas and arguments.
* PASA Builds on Its Success:
Third International IASA Conference
PASA members will be participating in the Third International
African Students Association (IASA) Conference held
at Northeastern University from April 12-14, 1996.
The theme of this years conference is Empowering Africa:
The Youth As Leaders Of Tomorrow. The conference
will endeavor to outline and explore various avenues
through which African students overseas can make significant
and meaningful contributions to Africa. Workshops
will include the following discussions: The Viability
of the OAU, The Plight of African Women, Africa in
the Media, and Emerging Africa: How Can Africa Become
Economically Competitive?
IASA is an umbrella organization which is designed to
unite African students around the US, and eventually
around the world. PASAs participation in the IASA
conference comes on the heels of its enormously successful
Africa Fest. The four-day event began with a key-note
address by Dr. Ali Mazrui. It ended with a cultural
show which was attended by approximately 350 people
featuring the Jembe Orchestra and Iyataiye Dance Group.
Through skits, poetry, music, fashions, and dance,
PASA members educated the Penn and Philadelphia communities
about the roles African men and women play within their
communities and the similarities and differences between
East African and West African cultures.
This year for the first time, PASA members expanded
Africa Day to a four-day long Africa Fest. Other universities
were involved for the first time were Georgetown, Princeton
and Penn State, participated and attended.
* MAAFA:
African Holocaust Memorial: April 1-5, 1996
The term MAAFA is Kiswahili for disaster or terrible
occurrence, hence the term for the memorial. In an
attempt to honor the ancestors who suffered through
the Middle Passage and afterwards and to educate the
community about the history of African peoples throughout
the continent, North, Latin and South American and
the Caribbean, a coalition of African student groups
have come together to plan MAAFA: African Holocaust
Memorial. The memorial will be solemn and somewhat
mournful; by no means a celebration. Rather, the memorial
will be a sign of respect for those who experienced
the atrocities of MAAFA, and overcame life and death.
MAAFA will serve as an educational experience for the
entire Penn and Philadelphia community. In conjunction
with the week long event, a special issue of Vision
will be produced. It will include articles addressing
hip-hop/ jazz poetry, the cultural and political fragmentation
of the African Diaspora, the fragmentation of the African
Diaspora within the US, religion and spiritually in
the African Diaspora, and the meaning of Maafa. For
more information, please contact: Colette Lamothe clamothe@mail.sas.upenn.edu,
Cardell Orrin cardell@eniac.seas.upenn.edu, Latressa
Fulton latressa@eniac.seas.upenn.edu.
* Whats New on the Web
The African Studies WWW statistics on the number of
uses during February were: 427,221.
Newly added resources to Penn African Studies web site are now available from this URL:
http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Home_Page/www_newly.html
Fourth Annual
African Studies Consortium Workshop
Competing Epistemologies and Strategies About Africa
Friday, October 4, 1996
9:00am - 4:00pm
University of Pennsylvania
sponsored by Bryn Mawr, Haverford and Swarthmore Colleges
and
the University of Pennsylvania
Calendar of Events...
Celebrating Africa on Campus, in the Consortium and
in the Philadelphia Community
April 5, 1996-
Spring Lecture Series: The Lagosian Bourgeoisie and
the Invention of Yoruba Traditional Religion: 1840-1940"
J. Lorand Matory, Harvard University
12 noon - 1:30pm
Smith-Penniman Room,
Houston Hall, University of Pennsylvania
April 10, 1996-
World-Wide Web Demonstrations for On-Line Resources
About Africa- intermediate level
3:30pm - 5pm
Multimedia Lab/ computer room at David Rittenhouse Lab
(DRL) basement, on 33rd Street between Walnut and Spruce
April 16, 1996-
The Emergence of Black and White Feminist Thought and
Activism, 1830-1865
Carla Peterson, University of Maryland, Department of
English
5pm - 7pm
104 Jaffe Bldg., University of Pennsylvania
April 18, 1996-
Ethnohistory Workshop: Sound Politics: Speaking, Writing,
and Printing in Early Colonial Africa
Judith Irvine, Department of Anthropology, Brandeis
University
4:30pm - 6:30pm
329A 3401 Walnut Street, University of Pennsylvania
April 19, 1996-
Spring Lecture Series: (title TBA)
Paget Henry, Department of Sociology, Brown University
12 noon - 1:30pm
421 Williams Hall, University of Pennsylvania
April 24, 1996-
World-Wide Web Demonstrations for On-Line Resources
About Africa
3:30pm - 5pm
Multimedia Lab/ computer room at David Rittenhouse Lab
(DRL) basement, on 33rd Street between Walnut and Spruce
May 16, 1996-
World-Wide Web Demonstrations for On-Line Resources
About Africa
3:30pm - 5pm
Multimedia Lab/ computer room at David Rittenhouse Lab
(DRL) basement, on 33rd Street between Walnut and Spruce
May 17 - 19, 1996-
Ninth Annual All African Student Conference:
Africa Past and Present: Strategies for the Continual
Unification of All African People
Times TBA
Temple University
(For details see Opportunities, Conferences...)
(For more information, call 204-8528)
Fon
by Justin Dossou
Fon is a language originated from the southern part
of the current territory of Benin. Fon is very similar
to Goun, which is another major dialect of a common
origin.
Although French is widely known to be the written official
language of the Benins literate people, Fon is spoken
by over half of the population of nearly five and a
half million people. The ethnic group that figured
most prominently in Benins history are the Fon and
Adja of west and central part of the country. Historically,
the kingdom of Abomey is an electoral stronghold of
Benins political institution. Abomey-Cotonou axis
is located in the center and the Southwest of the country.
Fon is heavily spoken by the inhabitants of Abomey
and the commercial city of Cotonou.
Goun language is the twin sister of Fon and both of
them have common original and historical ancestors
since the dawn of civilization. Whoever speaks Fon
can easily understand Goun. Goun language is heavily
spoken in the Southeast of the country. Porto-Novo,
the capital city has been the story of various interactions
of the other isolated small ethnic groups of Nagot,
or the Yoruba migrated from the neighboring Nigerias
cities. Goun is also spoken in the region of Pobe,
Kpome as well as Cotonou, the industrial capital which
is half hour drive from Porto-Novo. Goun is also heavily
spoken by the people of Gbadagry, a neighboring Nigerias
city.
Among other diversities of ethnic groups are the Nagot.
Nagot, a language similar to Yoruba dialect, is spoken
by the people who reside in Zou province, namely Savalou
and Save as well as Dassa-Zoume located on the Eastern
littoral near the Nigeria border.
Further north are the Dendi, spoken by the inhabitants
of Parakou, the capital city of the northeastern province.
This city has a considerable historical influence
on his neighbors because of his much feared kingdoms
of which Nikki was the most important. Dendi is also
spoken by the people of Djougou and Kandi.
Somba people of Natitingou, located further north at
the Western region province use their original dialect;
Somba, Bariba and Fulani. The northern region is seriously
affected by its geographical isolation and traditional
outlook have placed it in a disadvantageous position
vis-a-vis the south, sometimes breeding regional frustrations
that were exploited by modern political elites in the
pre- and post-independence eras. But, nowadays, a
new and intense government policy has sped up commercial
and economic interaction as well as linguistic ouverture
of cooperation by forcing all ethnic groups to actively
intermingle with one another for mutual and beneficial
understandings of the whole Beninese people.
Wolof
by Mamadou Sow
Spoken by more than ninety percent of the population,
Wolof is the first national language among six others
in Senegal. The dominant position of the Wolof language
can be explained by the fact that the Wolof community
was nearer than other communities to the colonial administration
which was mostly settled in big cities. Thus, it was
a necessity for other ethnic groups to speak Wolof
once they migrated to towns such as Dakar where Wolof
is the primary language of communication.
Wolof is a member of the West Atlantic group of languages.
Originally, it was only spoken in the Senegambia area.
But with the intense cross immigration between Senegal
and Mauritania, the language has gained additional
speakers. In the mean time, the traditional trade
called Bana-Bana between Senegal and Mali has favored
a notable increase of Wolof speakers within the Malian
population.
Today, the number of people speaking Wolof in West
Africa can be estimated at eight million. Like most
African languages, Wolof was essentially oral. In
the past, Senegalese scholars in Arabic used the Arabic
alphabet in their attempts to give Wolof written status.
It was only in 1975 that the Senegalese administration
adopted the Latin alphabet to write Wolof.
Yoruba
by Mayo Ogedengbe
The Yoruba-speaking peoples live primarily in southwestern
Nigeria, the Republic of Benin, Togo, and even as far
west as Ghana, Sierra Leone, Upper Volta, and Ivory
Coast. Historically, the trans-Atlantic Diaspora took
Yoruba and their descendants to Sierra Leone, Brazil,
Cuba, Trinidad, Haiti, and other parts of the Americas.
Today there are 60 million Yoruba on the African continent
and in the New World.
Yoruba is a name which encompasses numerous pre-colonial
groups, all of whom spoke various dialects (some almost
unintelligible to one another) of the same language,
and shared common cultural and social practices. The
pre-colonial practice for which they are most famous,
according to the Encyclopedia Brittanica (1978), was
that they were the most urbanized Africans of pre-colonial
times. Yoruba are also famous for their sculpturesome
prized bronze and terracotta figures dating back 1,000
yearstheir religion and music.
Many African-Americans re-connect with their African
ancestry through Yoruba culture. That explains the
presence of the Oyotunji Yoruba village in South Carolina
or the annual Odunde Festival in Philadelphia. American
popular culture also looks to Yoruba aesthetics for
inspiration. For instance, Arrested Development, a
hip-hop group, always features Baba Oje, a Yoruba-derived
grandfather figure who sits on a rocking chair during
live stage performances.
The resiliency of Yoruba culture is found in religious
expression, as in the Santeria in Cuba (and North American
cities where Cuban Migrants have established homes),
in the Candomble of Brazil and in Shango of Trinidad.
It is found in the music of Felo Anikulapo Kuti of
Nigeria, Gilberto Gil of Brazil, and Merceditas Valdez
of Cuba. It is found in the pacific nature of basketball
NBA star Akeem Olajuwon and the richness of the writings
of Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka.
Opportunities and Internships in Africa
* Summer 1996 Internships
The Washington Office on Africa (WOA) and Africa Policy
Information Center (APIC) are currently looking for
interns for the Spring and Summer of 1996. All internships
are non-paid. The organization requests a minimum
of 24 hours or three full work days per week (may be
negotiable). Specific intern tasks may include: tracking
and analyzing Africa related legislation; sharing information
with congressional staff and media outlets; working
with partners in coalitions; researching and drafting
background text for upcoming publications; and assisting
with community educational and grassroots activities.
Additionally, all interns are responsible for light
clerical and office managerial tasks.
For more information, contact: Vicky Ferguson, Associate
Director for Legislative Affairs, WOA/APIC, 110 Maryland
Avenue, NE, Suite 509, Washington, DC 20002; by telephone:
(202) 546-7961; by fax: (202) 546-1545.
*African Language Program
Boston University will participate in the Fourth Annual
Cooperative African Language Institute June 17 through
July 23, 1996. BU will be offering a course in Setswana/
Sotho I. Foreign Language Area Studies (FLAS) Fellowships
from Title VI African Studies Centers will be available
for students pursuing graduate studies in African language
and area studies. For further information about the
BU program or other African Language Institute offerings,
contact John Hutchison at the Boston University African
Studies Center, 270 Bay State Road, Boston, MA 02215;
by phone: 617-353-7305.
* Return of Qualified African Nationals Program
The International Organization of Migration (IOM) is
implementing a program to facilitate the return of
highly qualified African professionals in an effort
to address the effects of the Brain Drain. The IOM
is offering job placement in Africa, financial assistance
for returning job holders and support for self-employment
projects to African Nationals of Angola, Cape Verde,
Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Mozambique,
Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
For more information or an application, contact the
IOM office in Washington: IOM, 1750 K Street NW, Suite
1110, Washington, DC 20006, USA; by e-mail: promigrant@washington.iom.ch.
* Rockefeller Archive Grants
Rockefeller Archive Center announced 1997 grants-in-aid
for research on 20th century African topics at the
Center and in its collections. For further information-
Tel: (914) 631-4505, Internet: http://www.rockefeller.edu.
* The Rockefeller Foundation Re-Entry Grants for African
Scholars
Applications are now being accepted for grants to assist
in the professional establishment of African scholars
who are returning to Africa from doctoral or post-doctoral
studies abroad. Contact Re-entry Program, Rockefeller
Foundation, 1133 Avenue of the Americas, New York,
NY 10036.
* Study Abroad in Ghana
Swarthmore College has established a study abroad opportunity
which is open to all students in the consortium. Participating
students will attend the University of Ghana under
the guidance of a University professor who works directly
with Swarthmore. For further details, please read
News Briefs. For further information and application
procedures, please contact Steven Piker, Foreign Study
Adviser, Pearson 113, 328-7826.
* The African Rural Social Sciences Research Networks
The African Rural Social Sciences Research Networks
(ARSSRN) program is pleased to announce a request
for proposals from African researchers to conduct research
in food security and productivity issues and to participate
in a new round of research activities. ARSSRN is a
well-established network which provides research grants
of up to $5,000 for African social scientists, peer
review workshops, and publication and dissemination
of the studies. Through field work and collection of
primary data by the researchers, real problems in African
agriculture and rural development are identified, analyzed
and have policy relevance.
Please direct inquiries to Ms. Vicki Walker at Winrock
International, 1611 N. Kent Street, Arlington, VA 22209;
T: (703) 525-9430; Fax: (703) 525-1744; E-mail: VSW@DCmail.Winrock.org.
The deadline for submitting proposals has been extended
to March 20, 1996. Guidelines for proposals and details
for submission are below.
* African Peoples in the Industrial Age
The Center for Afroamerican and African Studies at the
University of Michigan has established an inter-disciplinary
and international project on African Peoples in the
Industrial Age. Applications for post-doctoral scholars
in the humanities for a one-year residential fellowship
are invited. Contact Rockefeller Fellows Program,
Center for Afroamerican and African Studies, 200 West
Engineering Building, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor,
MI, 48109-1092. Phone: (313) 764-5513.
Conferences on Africa
* April 12-13, 1996 Symposium on African Education and
Development
The African Student Working Group is sponsoring its
11th Annual African Symposium at the Ohio University.
It is designed to provide an opportunity for African
graduate students to present and discuss their studies
in progress or recently completed works. Other graduate
students and professors concerned with educational
development in Africa are also invited to participate.
The symposium will also feature guest speakers and
a key note address by Dr. Gwen Malahleha, Ambassador
of Lesotho to Canada.
Please direct inquiries to Charmaine Villet, Chair,
Graduate Student Working Group, 186 Mill Street, Apt.
#F4, Athens, Ohio 45701,; by fax, 614-594-5586; by
e-mail: cv515488@oak.cats.ohiou.edu.
* Towards Improving the Integration of Africa into the
World Market Economy
The University of Montesquieu-Bordeaux IV with the Chambre
of Commerce and Industry of Bordeaux are organizing
a Euro-African Convention Towards Improving the Integration
of Africa into the World Market Economy to be held
May 13 and 14, 1996 in Bordeaux. For further information,
contact: Marielle Carreau Gasherau, Chargee de Mission
Cooperation, Chambre de Commerce et dIndustrie de Bordeaux,
12, place de la Bource, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France;
by phone: 33-56 79 50 74; by fax: 33-56 79 52 65.
* All African Student Conference
Under the theme, Africa Past and Present: Strategies
for the Continual Unification of all African People,
African students will assemble at the ninth annual
All African Student Conference to be held at Temple
University in Philadelphia, PA from May 17-19, 1996.
The All African Student Conference is an annual activity
of the All African Student Organization which was founded
in Iowa in 1988 by active African students. These students
were later joined by African students residing in the
United States and Canada. For more information call:
(215) 204-8528; fax: (215) 849-7001; e-mail:3372kot@vm.temple.edu
or tgooden@astro.ocis.temple.edu.; or write: All African
Students Conference c/o Dept. of African American Studies,
Attn.: Khadijah O. Turner, Temple University, Glatfelter
Hall-8th floor, 13th & Berks Mall, Philadelphia,
PA 19122.
* INROADS/Africa
International Conference on the Performing Arts of Africa
will be held June 6-8, 1996 in New York City. Sponsored
by the Ford Foundation, it is being organized by 651/An
Arts Center at the BAM Majestic Theater, Meet the Composer,
the Association of Performing Arts Presenters, and
the African-American Institute. It will take place
in conjunction with 651s World Series Festival, which
will feature the works of Compagnie Ebene from Burkina
Faso and Ensemble Koteba from Cote DIvoire. For more
information, please contact Arts International at 212-984-5370;
(E-mail) macosta@iie.org.
Journals on Africa
* Africa Business Newsletter Magazine
A new business newsletter magazine about Africa is being
jointly produced by US- Africa Chamber of Commerce
and the Marek Enterprise, Inc. (MAREK). This publication
will provide American and African perspectives about
the trends in economic development among the countries
of Africa, the trends in commerce and trade between
the US and the countries of Africa, and it will highlight
emerging business opportunities.
For more information: contact: The US-Africa Chamber
of Commerce, 1899 L Street, NW, Fifth Floor, Washington,
D.C. 20036, USA; by phone: (202) 331-7053; by fax:
(202) 331-1809. Or contact: The Marek Enterprise,
Inc. 11733 Bowman Green Drive, Reston, VA 22090; by
e-mail: edwards930@aol.com.
* The Journal of Research Methodology and African Studies
The Journal of Research Methodology and African Studies
is a biannual journal which offers a comprehensive,
systematic treatment of the scientific approach in
studying aspects concerning Africa. The emphasis is
on the relationship between theory, research, and practice,
and the integration of various quantitative and qualitative
research activities in an orderly framework.
* The Journal of African Languages and Linguistics
The Journal of African Languages and Linguistics is
a biannual journal interested in reflecting all the
various aspects of African languages and linguistics.
Abstracts, articles, reviews, squibs, and translations
relating to African languages, literature, literary
history, literary criticism, and various aspects of
linguistics are welcome.
For publication guidelines and information on subscriptions
contact The Editor, The African Institution, 7532 Eighth
Street NW, Washington, DC 20012. E-Mail: bangura@ boe00.minc.umd.edu.
Resources on Africa
* The Canadian Research Consortium of Southern Africa (CRCSA)
A collection of course outlines on Southern Africa is now available. Teaching Southern African Studies contains 42 graduate and undergraduate course outlines drawing from the following disciplines: Anthropology, Geography, History, Literature, Political Science, Sociology, Urban Studies, and Womens Studies. The cost is $22 for individuals and $29 for institutions, postage and GST included. Make checks available to McGill University and send to: Canadian Research Consortium on Southern Africa, Universite McGill, 2020 rue Universite Bureau 3400, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3 A 2A5. Phone: (514) 398-1050.
* 1995-96 Library of African Cinema
California Newsreel announces the publication of its
1995-96 Library of African Cinema resource guide, featuring
ten new releases which reflect the increasing breadth
of genres in which contemporary African filmmakers
are working. In addition to four new feature films
(from Senegal, Burkina Faso, and Guinea-Bissau) and
three new documentaries, they include a controversial
South African television series, an anthology of short
films, a performance film featuring super-star Youssou
NDour and three documentaries by African women directors.
Copies of the new resource guide are available at
no charge from California Newsreel, 149 Ninth Street,
San Francisco, CA 94103; by phone: 415-621-6196; by
fax: 415-621-6522; by e-mail: newsreel@ix.netcom.com.
* Tracing African Genealogy on the Internet
There is now a Usenet group dedicated to tracing the
genealogy of Africa and the African Diaspora: <soc.genealogy.african>.
This non-moderated newsgroup, located within the genealogy
hierarchy of one of the Big 7 newsgroups, intends to
bring together blacks, non-blacks, or anyone who has
pertinent concerns about their African ancestry or
relations.
if you have any ...questions, comments, complaints or compliments concerning the Newsletter this year or suggestions for the Newsletter next academic year, please direct them to Edda Fields African Studies Center, 642 Williams Hall, 898-6971 or by e-mail at fieldse@mail.sas.upenn.edu.
Editor: Ali B. Ali-Dinar
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