| UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA - AFRICAN STUDIES CENTER |
(note: US dollars are used throughout this document except where indicated)
The Ethiopian Government's Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Commission (DPPC) issued an emergency appeal on 15 June 1998[1] for people displaced as a result of the Ethiopian-Eritrean border conflict. On 25 September 1998, a second[2] appeal was issued followed, on 10 December 1998, by a third, countrywide, general appeal for assistance in 1999[3]. In the December appeal, in addition to covering relief needs because of drought, the special relief needs of the displaced and those who arrived from Eritrea were summarised.
In response to these appeals, the international donor community, NGOs and the United Nations, beside national efforts, made various contributions to the affected populations. The UN Country Team (UNCT) launched several assessment missions to the two affected areas, the Afar and Tigray regional states, to conduct rapid surveys concerning the condition and needs of the war-affected population. Based on the findings of these assessment missions the UNCT formulated a balanced programme of immediate interventions for the UN. This was considered a proportional response to the emergency in that it took account of the resources committed bilaterally by major donors, the response of NGOs and national contributions being received by the government.
While federal and regional authorities took measures to avoid the creation of relief camps, the October/November 1998 precautionary evacuations of people living near the contested border areas placed considerable additional pressure on available community services and facilities in Tigray and partly also in Afar. In anticipation of such a situation, the UNCT developed a consolidated contingency plan[4] which provides an institutional framework for the UNCT to mobilise additional material and technical assistance for war-displaced civilians if additional displacement were to take place.
This List of International Contributions for the War-affected in Tigray and Afar Regions is an update of a previous paper[5] and includes detailed and updated information on contributions from international donors, the UN agencies and NGOs.
The paper does not include any national Ethiopian contributions from various governmental sources, private donations and other local contributions. Focussing on external assistance, the paper compiles: (1) cash contributions of major international donors, (2) assistance provided by major implementing agencies and (3) assistance appealed for by major implementing agencies.
Considerable effort has been made to make this list as comprehensive as possible. Nevertheless, it may not complete and any corrections or information on additional contributions are welcomed and will be taken into account in the next listing.
Many bilateral donors preferred to respond to the crisis through direct donations to implementing agencies. Overall, since the outbreak of hostilities along the common border between Ethiopia and Eritrea in May 1998, only a few new contributions can be added to the initial list of contributions compiled in July last year. Nevertheless, there have been some significant new cash and food contributions in late 1998 and early 1999.
The European Union is supporting ICRC's protection activities in both Ethiopia and Eritrea. In addition, the EU re-allocated approximately 5,000 tons of food aid valued at $1,600,00 through WFP to the war displaced in 1998 as well as ECU 750,000 for relief food and ECU 1,140,000 for water, shelter and non-food items channelled by ECHO (European Community Humanitarian Office) through the Relief Society of Tigray (REST) and the International Committee for the Development of People (CISP). REST and CISP are managing and distributing the relief food and the non-food items to the war-displaced in Tigray and Afar Regions. This total amount of approximately $2,100,000 was used as follows: 2,350 tons of grain; 10,000 paraffin lamps; 50,000 litres of kerosene; 500 tents; 1,000 plastic sheets. The assistance is destined to 78,000 displaced in Western, Central and Eastern Tigray zones.
In 1998, the British Government donated $249,000 to Oxfam and Save the Children Fund/UK (SCF-UK) for the purchase of supplementary food, blankets clothes, plastic sheets and tents. No further contributions are envisaged at this time. An Oxfam proposal to assist the displaced in Tigray (valued at approximately $1,296,000), focussing on the water sector, could not be implemented.
In 1998, the Government of Italy donated $47,500 for the purchase, transport and distribution of 10 Standard Emergency Health Kits. WHO implemented the programme in collaboration with the Ministry of Health (MoH).
A second donation of $110,000 was channelled through OCHA for the purchase of plastic rolls and nylon ropes.
A third contribution of $250,000 was utilised for local and international purchase of additional relief items (i.e. 341 plastic roll sheets; 30 water bladders; 3,000 blankets). These relief items have been handed over to the federal DPPC in December 1998.
The Italian Government also pledged approximately $650,000 of which half was to be used for Afar Region. Of this amount, $200,000 will be used for the purchase of drugs and other medical supplies, $200,000 for education (i.e. tents, school desks and chairs, blackboards etc.), $200,000 for water pumps and $50,000 for shelter materials such as family tents.
The German Government donated $195,000 and `Deutsche Caritas' donated $111,000 to provide 41 Standard Emergency Health Kits. These were handed over to the Ethiopian Catholic Secretariat in mid-July 1998. In addition, the German Government supported ICRC with approximately $200,000 in support of ICRC's safe cross-border passage programme for people leaving Eritrea and Ethiopia. Furthermore, a small donation of approximately $9,000 was given to the Afar Relief Association (ARA) to support women's groups and to buy rush mats, blankets and other shelter materials. In 1999, the German Government has not provided further donations for the war-displaced in Tigray and Afar at this time.
The Irish Government is reallocating funds from its development programme in Tigray Region to meet the needs of the displaced population. The 1999 plan is to disburse around $220,000 to the zonal DPPB, of which $65,000 has already been released. The funds are mainly used for `cash for work' projects with IDPs in the Eastern Tigray Zone. Some of the funds will also be used to assist reconstruction of the warehouse in Adigrat destroyed in September 1998.
In 1998, the Norwegian Government donated $400,000 through the Norwegian Red Cross to the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in Geneva.
The U.S. government allocated $10,000,000 to USAID for the purchase of 16,000 tons of cereals and 36,000 blankets for the war displaced in Tigray, which were handed over to REST in September 1998. From the `Ambassador's Self Help Fund' $25,000 has been handed over to the federal DPPC.
A French humanitarian contribution of approximately $25,000 to the war displaced in Afar Region was channelled through Médecins du Monde in 1998. No other contributions have been to date and there are currently no donations under consideration for the war displaced in Tigray and Afar.
The Netherlands Government is supporting the common UN Country Team programme of assistance to the war-affected civilians in Tigray and Afar Regions for a total amount of approximately $1,300,000. These funds will be used by the UNCT for assistance in the water and sanitation, health, education, child protection, shelter materials sectors, logistics, monitoring and the UNCT support operations. The main UN partners in this fund are UNICEF, UNFPA and UNDP.
Besides this major financial assistance to the UNCT, the Netherlands Government made some smaller contributions to the Ethiopian Church and to the Dutch NGO `Refugee Care Netherlands' (ZOA). Together, these contributions amount to $57,724.
The Swiss government donated $118,000 through Swiss Disaster Relief to Caritas Switzerland for a `cash for work' project with the Adigrat Diocesan Action (ADDA) which operates in Eastern Tigray Zone. Caritas Switzerland is providing the same amount of money to the programme that will run for a four-month period. Approximately 9,000 war-displaced people are benefiting from these cash for work projects that will establish terraces and footpaths. The Swiss Government also made a substantial contribution to ICRC's country programmes in Ethiopia and Eritrea in 1998.
The following governments, although contacted, do not plan to provide assistance to the displaced population at this time: Belgium, Finland, Canada, Sweden, Spain and Austria.
Bilateral donor
|
Donated/pledged
(US$)
|
| European
Union
|
3,700,000
|
| British
Government
|
249,000
|
| Italian
Government
|
947,000
|
| German
Government
|
404,000
|
| Irish
Government
|
220,000
|
| Norwegian
Government
|
400,000
|
| Government
of the USA
|
10,025,000
|
| French
Government
|
25,000
|
| Netherlands
Government
|
1,3057,724
|
| Swiss
Government
|
118,000
|
| Total
|
17,445,724
|
World Food Programme
World Food Programme re-allocated 5,000 tons of cereal for Tigray region under a previous emergency operation valued at $1,600,000. DPPC collected and distributed the total quantity. WFP carried out a mission in September 1998 to Tigray and reviewed the distribution plan for the grain. In addition, WFP arranged a shipment of 5 rubb-hall warehouses with a capacity of 500-800 tons each. These warehouses will be deployed as the situation requires.
WFP Rome very recently approved an Emergencies Operation (EMOP) for an estimated 272,000 displaced amounting to a total of $24,279,852 for a nine months period starting 1st March 1999. The total food under this EMOP is 45,351 tons valued at $ 9,434,450. The food component will include cereals, pulses, vegetable oil, blended food, sugar and iodised salt. The letter of understanding with the Government of Ethiopia outlining the operational modalities will be signed shortly.
CISP
CISP operates a food security project in Tigray region. The 2,350 tons of grain were donated by ECHO and are channelled through and managed by REST. This food is distributed in Adigrat (Eastern Tigray), Adwa (Central Tigray) and in Shire (Western Tigray).
OXFAM and SCF-UK
With part of the $249,000 donated by the British government, Oxfam and SCF-UK have supplied 230 tons of supplementary food.
SCK-UK
With funds of Redda Barnen (SCF Sweden), 70 tons of biscuits were purchased and handed over to REST. SCF-UK deployed one nutrition expert in Tigray until December 1998.
Relief Society of Tigray
Starting from September 1998, REST distributed 16,000 tons of cereals that were given by USAID and financed by the Government of the United States.
Médecins du Monde
Médecins du Monde distributed, in collaboration with DPPC, 13.5 tons of supplementary food (Famex) and 68 tons of cereals (wheat flour) to Afar Region. MdM plans to make further food contributions to IDPs, especially Famex for children but the amount is not yet clear as MdM is in the process of verifying Government numbers of IDPs in Afar Region.
Lutheran World Federation (LWF), the Joint Relief Programme (JRP) and Action by Churches Together (ACT) members in Ethiopia
The members of JRP and ACT Ethiopia issued an appeal to the ACT co-ordination office in Geneva in July 1998 but the planned assistance did not materialise.
LWR itself delivered 3 tons of high protein biscuits through the Ethiopian Orthodox Church in 1998.
World Vision International
With part of their resources amounting to approximately $200,000, 40 tons of supplementary food and 13.6 tons of biscuits have been purchased and handed over to DPPC in Adigrat in July 1998. This was a one-time donation and has not been repeated.
Items by agencies
|
Donated/pledged
in metric tons
|
| Assistance
by UN agencies
| |
| Grain
by WFP in 1998
|
5,000
|
| Grain,
pulses, vegetable oil, blended food, sugar,
iodised salt by WFP in 1999
|
45,351
|
| Assistance
by other agencies
| |
| Grain
by REST
|
16,000
|
| Grain
by CISP
|
2,350
|
| Supplementary
food by various agencies
|
283.5
|
| Biscuits
by various agencies
|
86.6
|
| Total
|
23,788.1
|
UNICEF
In the health sector, UNICEF concentrated on essential drugs, the provision of Emergency Health Kits (38 for Tigray and 12 for Afar), measles and meningitis vaccination programmes, Vitamin A and ORS campaigns and reproductive health, including safe delivery. UNICEF has so far used a total amount of $190,000 for Tigray and Afar. With an additional new funding by the Netherlands Government, UNICEF will be able to provide similar assistance to the displaced for the amount of $211,600.
UNFPA
UNFPA, with a portion of the Netherlands funds, will be assisting the affected population in Tigray and Afar with the provision of a number of Reproductive Health Kits, training activities, logistics support and other support activities with a total budget of $164,000.
WHO
WHO delivered 10 Standard Emergency Health Kits funded by the Italian Government to the Ministry of Health. Six of these kits have been transported to the Regional Health Bureau in Tigray while the 4 kits destined for Afar region remain with the MoH in Addis Ababa and will be transported upon request of the Afar region. Afar is said to have sufficient stocks at present from other sources and they do not have enough storage facilities.
International Committee of the Red Cross
ICRC delegates work in close co-operation with the Ethiopian Red Cross Society (ERCS) to strengthen the capacity of the national society's branches in the vicinity of the conflict zones, and to build up preparedness in case the situation would further deteriorate.
With ICRC support, the ERCS made additional ambulances available to the regional branches in Afar and Tigray, paid for their running costs and provided tanker trucks for the transport of drinking water. Subsequently, together with ERCS, ICRC conducted surveys in Tigray and Afar in case there was renewed fighting.
A joint plan of action was worked out and the necessary logistical and organisational measures were taken, including appropriate water supply, to set up emergency evacuation networks for war-wounded. By providing first-aid and surgical stocks, ICRC and the Ethiopian Red Cross Society bolstered the capacities of health facilities in the Tigray and Afar Regional states to help them to respond to initial influxes of war-wounded, if needed. Additional emergency medical stocks were brought in and hundreds of Red Cross first-aiders were provided with more specific training on the handling of war wounded as well as suitable first-aid materials.
Following the aerial bombardment of Mekele in June 1998, ICRC handed over surgery material for 50 war wounded to the hospital in Mekele. Material for additional 400 war wounded has been given to the Regional Health Office in Axum.
MSF-Holland
MSF-Holland provided one standard Emergency Health Kit for 10,000 people, 500 bags of Hartman Solution as well surgical equipment, mainly for orthopaedic surgery, to REST and the regional health bureau. In the Humera area in Western Tigray, MSF-Holland helped and supervised the transfer of the hospital from Humera town to Densha and continues to work at this hospital.
In Eastern Tigray MSF-Holland deployed a medical team which is collaborating closely with the Ethiopian Red Cross Society and the regional health bureau. In addition, a training programme is currently under way for surgical staff in Mekele.
MSF-France
MSF-France is still running the hospital in Dubti, Afar Region, with one medical doctor, one surgeon, one anaethetist and two nurses. MSF-France is also upgrading the surgical conditions of the hospital. In Dubti there is also a day-care nutritional programme for children. For the war-displaced in Afar Region, MSF-France decided to wait with its assistance until beneficiary numbers are confirmed.
Médecins du Monde
Currently MdM is assisting in the construction of 6 health clinics which will be used by people who came from Eritrea before the border conflict restarted in February 1999. These health clinics can also be used to assist IDPs if necessary. MdM also has a training programme for community health workers in Afar.
Deutsche Caritas through the Ethiopian Catholic Secretariat
Deutsche Caritas handed over 41 Standard Emergency Health Kits to the Catholic Secretariat, funded with $195,000 by the German Government and $111,000 by Deutsche Caritas. The kits have been handed over to REST in Mekele and will be distributed proportionally between Tigray and Afar, according to the estimated number of displaced persons per region.
Items by agencies
|
Donated/pledged
| |
| $
|
Quantity
| |
| Assistance
by UN agencies
| ||
| Emergency
Health Kits by UNICEF and WHO
|
70
| |
| Vaccination
programmes by UNICEF
|
>
402,000
|
*
|
| Vitamin
A and ORS campaigns by UNICEF
|
*
| |
| Reproductive
health by UNFPA
|
164,000
|
*
|
| Assistance
by other agencies
| ||
| ICRC
surgery material
|
*
| |
| Emergency
Health Kits by
|
306,000
|
41
|
| Emergency
Health Kits by MSF-Holland
|
1
| |
| Hartman
Solutions
|
500
| |
| MSF
orthopaedic surgical equipment
|
*
| |
| Health
clinics
|
6
|
Legend:
* Unspecified quantities of items donated or pledged
Unspecified amount of costs involved for the donated or pledged items
UNICEF
UNICEF assisted in the Water and Sanitation sector with $130,000 that was mainly used for rehabilitation of existing wells, water treatment plants, pumps and water storage equipment. These funds were part of $500,000 which UNICEF allocated to the humanitarian programme from their "Global Emergency Programme Fund", a revolving fund to be reimbursed from UNICEF's $ 1.5 million appeal for the displaced of the current conflict.
With an additional new funding to the UNCT from the Netherlands Government, UNICEF will be able to provide similar assistance to the displaced amounting to around $316,000. This money will be used to construct 18 hand pump/shallow wells, 2 piped water supply schemes, training of sanitary personnel and housing and environmental management.
CISP
CISP, in collaboration with REST, is in the process of identifying 27 suitable bore hole sites along the border areas between Adigrat and Shiraro. The EU is financing the construction of these bore holes with a contribution of approximately $400,000.
MSF-Holland
MSF-Holland operates 3 water-sanitation projects in the Humera area in Western Tigray. Three villages and around 30,000 people are benefiting. MSF-Holland is also constructing latrines and distributes water with water tankers.
In Adigrat, Eastern Tigray, one water-sanitation project has been launched which consists of building 130 latrines and a project to chlorinate the existing water system in Adigrat town.
MSF-France
MSF France temporarily assisted with one water bladder of 5,000 litre-capacity in Elidar (Afar region). In terms of water trucking, MSF transported water with two DPPC trucks with a capacity of 15 cubic metres each for the transit camps in Loggia and Mille. Since the renewed outbreak of the border hostilities, the flow of people returning from Eritrea stopped, leading to the suspension of this assistance programme.
Médecins du Monde
MdM donated around 6,000 Jerry cans to DPPC. For Loggia and Mille (Afar region) there are two mobile trailer water tanks with a capacity of 1,000 and 1,500 litres respectively. For both transit camps in Loggia and Mille MdM constructed latrines.
MdM changed its location from Mille to Dubti recently to be closer to expected IDP concentrations around Su'ula.
International Committee of the Red Cross
Following an assessment to Afar and Tigray Regions, the ICRC has distributed Jerry cans for 2,000 families through ERCS .
Lutheran World Federation and ACT members in Ethiopia
The planned provision of 5 water bladders of 10,000 litres capacity and the 7,500 Jerry cans by ACT members was never realised due to lack of pledges. But ACT members in Ethiopia have donated $20,000 for the construction of water tanks in Afar Region.
Catholic Relief Service
CRS has handed over 500 Jerry cans to the federal DPPC.
Items by agencies
|
Donated/pledged
| |
| $
|
Quantity
| |
|
Assistance by UN agencies
| ||
| Rehabilitation
of existing wells, water treatment, pumps and water storage by UNICEF in 1998
|
130,000
|
*
|
| Hand
pump shallow wells, piped water supply schemes, training of sanitary
personnel, housing and environmental management by UNICEF in 1999
|
316,000
|
*
|
| Assistance
by other agencies
| ||
| Water
tankers by MSF-Holland
|
*
| |
| Water
bladder (5000 lt) by MSF-France
|
1
| |
| Latrines
by MSF-Holland, MdM
|
>
130
| |
| Jerry
cans by various agencies
|
8500
| |
| Mobile
trailer water tanks (1000 + 1500 lt) by MdM
|
2
| |
| Construction
of new bore holes by CISP and REST
|
400,000
|
27
|
| Construction
of water tanks by ACT members
|
20,000
|
*
|
Legend:
* Unspecified quantities of items donated or pledged
Unspecified amount of costs involved for the donated or pledged items
UNICEF
UNICEF allocated $125,000 ($111,400 for Tigray and $13,600 for Afar Region) out of the $500,000 "Global Emergency Fund" to emergency education.
In collaboration with the Regional Education Bureau and the Zonal Education Departments UNICEF carried out the following activities: orientation of 20 educational administrators and planners and 500 in-service teachers in 11 programmes with 500 participants and 40 resource persons; distribution of essential education material for 16,000 children; advocacy and social mobilisation.
With an additional new funding to the UNCT from the Netherlands Government, UNICEF will be able to provide further assistance to the displaced with an allocation of about $146,000. These funds will enable UNICEF to construct temporary schools, provide school furniture, blackboards and educational material.
UNESCO
UNESCO donated $30,000 from its Programme for Emergency and Rehabilitation. Areas of assistance were determined in collaboration with UNICEF and the local authorities.
For the education sector no information was gathered concerning NGOs and Non-UN agencies.
Items by agencies
|
Donated/pledged
| |
| $
|
Quantity
| |
| Assistance
by UN agencies
| ||
| Essential
education material and training of personnel
By UNICEF and UNESCO in 1998
|
155,000
|
*
|
| Construction
of temporary schools, provision of school furniture, educational material by
UNICEF in 1999
|
146,000
|
*
|
| Assistance
by other agencies
| ||
| No
information gathered/available
|
-
|
-
|
| Total
|
301,000
|
*
|
Legend:
* Unspecified quantities of items donated or pledged
Unspecified amount of costs involved for the donated or pledged items
UNICEF
UNICEF provided plastic sheets valued at $40,000 to Afar and Tigray with 80 rolls allocated to Tigray and 40 rolls to Afar region. This donation of plastic sheeting is enough for 2,400 families at a rate of 10 square metres per family.
With an additional funding to the UNCT from the Netherlands Government, UNICEF will be able to provide $65,000 worth of additional assistance to the displaced. UNICEF's priority interventions will include the provision of shelter materials such as plastic sheeting, poles and rope, and family tents to enable people to rapidly make or construct temporary housing structures. Blankets are also needed to protect the displaced from the cold. Rubb Hall-type tents are needed to maintain temporary communal and administrative structures. Finally, essential household items, mainly kitchen sets and Jerry-cans, are a priority, as it is likely that many families do not have basic household supplies with them.
UNHCR
In 1998, UNHCR made available to the federal DPPC 3,000 kerosene stoves with a value of $24,000. In addition, UNHCR offered the following items from its in-country stocks held in Gonder: 1,680 kitchen sets for families; 1,760 blankets; 295 plastic sheets; 1,660 buckets; 480 knives.
OCHA
The Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs made a contribution of 341 rolls of plastic and 1,764 plastic sheets worth $110,000, funded by the Italian Government and handed over to DPPC.
CISP
CISP, with funding from the European Union, provided 10,000 paraffin lamps, 50,000 litres of kerosene, 500 tents and 1000 plastic sheets.
CARE Ethiopia
CARE Ethiopia donated approximately $9,000 to Médecins du Monde for the purchase of non-food items (blankets, Jerry cans and soaps).
Médecins du Monde
MdM plans to assist the IDPs in Afar with 2,000 Jerry cans, 300 mats, 4,000 bars of soap and 900 blankets.
OXFAM and SCF-UK
Partly funded with the $249,000 donated by the British Government, 7,000 blankets, 400 family size tents, 10,000 pieces of children's clothing as well as 100 rolls of plastic sheeting, enough for 2,000 families, have been handed over to REST for distribution.
ACT members: Norwegian Church Aid (NCA), Dutch Inter-Church Aid , Refugee Care Netherlands (ZOA) and Christian Aid
ACT members donated 6,484 blankets worth $60,000 to Tigray, financed by the Netherlands Government and others. The blankets were handed over to DPPC in 1998.
Catholic Relief Service
The Adigrat Catholic Secretariat in collaboration with the local authorities is distributing 800 mattresses and 800 blankets.
International Committee of the Red Cross
Following their assessment in May 1998, ICRC dispatched to the Regional Red Cross Societies shelter and household utensils for 2,000 families, including blankets, kerosene stoves as well as plastic sheeting (exact numbers not known).
Ethiopian Orthodox Church
The Netherlands Government financed a donation of 2,000 blankets, 5,500 Jerry cans and 5,500 plastic plates.
World Vision International
Out of a fund of $200,000, World Vision International purchased 10,000 pieces of blankets, 5,000 cooking pans, 5,000 ladles and 10,400 plastic cups which were handed over to DPPB office in Adigrat in July 1998. This was a one time donation.
Items by agencies
|
Donated/pledged
| |
| $
|
Quantity
| |
| Assistance
by UN agencies
| ||
| Plastic
sheets by UNICEF
|
40,000
|
120
rolls
|
| Plastic
roll sheets by OCHA
|
110,000
|
341
rolls
|
| Plastic
sheets, ropes, poles, tents, blankets etc. by UNICEF
|
65,000
|
*
|
| Assistance
by other agencies
| ||
| Paraffin
lamps by CISP
|
10,000
| |
| Kerosene
(litres) by CISP
|
50,000
| |
| Kerosene
stoves by ICRC
|
*
| |
| Tents
by CISP, Oxfam, SCF-UK
|
900
| |
| Plastic
rolls/sheets by CISP, Oxfam, SCF-UK
|
1100
| |
| Jerry
cans by CARE and MdM
|
2,000
| |
| Blankets
by CARE and MdM
|
9000
|
900
|
| Soaps
by CARE and MdM
|
4,000
| |
| Blankets
by ACT members
|
60,000
|
6,484
|
| Blankets
by CRS
|
800
| |
| Blankets
by ICRC
|
*
| |
| Blankets
by Ethiopian Orthodox Church
|
2000
| |
| Blankets
by World Vision International
|
10,000
| |
| Children
cloths by Oxfam and SCF-UK
|
10,000
| |
| Mattresses
by CRS
|
800
| |
| Plastic
plates by Ethiopian Orthodox Church
|
5,500
| |
| Jerry
cans by Ethiopian Orthodox Church
|
5,500
| |
| Cooking
pans by World Vision International
|
5,000
| |
| Ladles
by World Vision International
|
5,000
| |
| Plastic
cups by World Vision International
|
10,400
|
Legend:
* Unspecified quantities of items donated or pledged
Unspecified amount of costs involved for the donated or pledged items
International Organisation for Migration (IOM):
reintegration of Ethiopian Nationals who returned from Eritrea
IOM has developed a reintegration project in three phases to assist people who returned from Eritrea. (The Ethiopian government's planning figure for Ethiopians returning from Eritrea is 50,000 people). The three phases would include the establishment of a `returnee information management system' (1st phase), a reintegration support scheme (2nd phase) and a 3rd phase for occupational skills development. The project will run for two years with a budget of $7,000,000. No funding has been secured for the project as yet.
UNICEF and UNFPA: special protection needs for children and women
For assessment, analysis and activity planning UNICEF has used funds amounting to $15,000. With the additional funding to the UNCT from the Netherlands Government, UNICEF will be able to provide assistance to women and children for the amount of around $32,500 and UNFPA has budgeted around $15,000 for such assistance. Targeted interventions include among others: reunification of displaced children with their families, counselling services for traumatised children and women; intensification of UNICEF's advocacy role for the involvement of women in the planning and implementation of emergency assistance projects and activities, provision of family planning information, education and services, with emphasis on sexually transmitted diseases and provision of trauma counselling.
UN Country Team discretionary fund
A fund of approximately $75,500 will be set aside by UNDP for the financing of additional relief supplies and assistance should such support be required. Decisions on the use of the fund will be made in consultation with the UN Country Team and activities will be required to be consistent with the objectives and spirit of the overall Netherlands government-funded UN Relief Action Plan.
SCF-alliance (SCF-UK/ Redd Barna/ Radda Barnen)
SCF trained personnel for the identification of separated children in December 1998. SCF-UK operates two 10 ton trucks for the distribution of food and non-food items in Tigray.
Médecins du Monde assistance to Ethiopian Nationals who returned from Eritrea
MdM paid for 19 buses from May to October 1998 to repatriate Ethiopian Nationals who were returning from Eritrea through the Bure border-crossing. When DPPC took over the logistics and the handling of the assistance at the two transit camps in Loggia and Mille, MdM scaled down their assistance.
Caritas Switzerland
Caritas Switzerland donated $118,000 for a `cash for work' project with the Adigrat Diocesan Action (ADDA) which operates in Eastern Tigray Zone. This donation represents one part of the necessary funding. The Swiss Government through Swiss Disaster Relief is providing the same amount of money to the programme that will run for a four month period. 9,000 war-displaced are benefiting by establishing terraces and footpaths.
World Vision International
World Vision International envisages the launching of a reintegration programme for war-affected population in Tigray once hostilities come to an end. However, World vision has yet to receive funding for this proposal.
Items by agencies
|
Donated/pledged
| |
| $
|
Quantity
| |
|
Assistance by UN agencies
| ||
| Reintegration
of Ethiopian Nationals from Eritrea by IOM
|
-
| |
| Special
protection needs for children and women
|
62,500
|
-
|
| Monitoring,
reporting and information management, operational support, security and
communications
|
75,500
|
-
|
| Assistance
by non-UN agencies
| ||
| Trucks
(10 tons) by SCF-Alliance
|
2
| |
| Buses
for transport of people returning from Eritrea by MdM
|
19
| |
| Cash
for work for IDPS by Caritas Switzerland
|
118,000
|
-
|
| Reintegration
of IDPs by World Vision International
|
-
|
Legend:
[spade] Unspecified amount of costs involved for the donated or pledged items
IOM has a proposal for $ 7 Million but no funding yet available
As far as international contributions and their distribution to the war-affected population are concerned, the bulk of contributions from the international community were made in 1998. However, major new international donors included the European Union ($3,700,000), the Netherlands Government ($1,300,000) and the Italian Government ($650,000) and a major relief food intervention from WFP worth roughly $24 million have been recorded for the humanitarian programme in 1999. A number of other bilateral donors are waiting for the situation along the border to clarify and but do not plan any additional donation at this time.
Although fighting along the border resumed in February, thanks to effective contingency planning and precautionary evacuations by the government towards the end of 1998, this recent upsurge in fighting does not seem to have resulted in any significant change in the overall number of people displaced by the conflict. However, it is likely that there have been changes in the location of concentrations of displaced people and new assessments are needed to determine additional needs and priority interventions.
ACT Action by Churches Together
ARA Afar Relief Association
ARRA Administration for Refugees and Returnees Affairs
CARE Co-operative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere
CISP International Committee for the Development of People
CRS Catholic Relief Service
DIA Dutch Inter-Church Aid
DPPB Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Bureau (mostly at
Regional level)
DPPC Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Commission (Federal
Government level)
DPPD Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Department (mostly at zonal level)
ECHO European Community Humanitarian Office
EMOP Emergencies Operation (term used by WFP)
ERCS Ethiopian Red Cross Society
EU European Union
GTZ Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (German
Development Cooperation)
ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross
IOM International Organisation for Migration
JRP Joint Relief Programme
JRS Jesuit Refugee Service
LWF Lutheran World Federation
MDM Médecins Du Monde (French NGO)
MoH Ministry of Health
MSF Médecins Sans Frontières (International NGO)
NCA Norwegian Church Aid
NGO Non-Governmental-Organisation
NRC Norwegian Red Cross
OCHA The Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
REST Relief Society of Tigray
RHB Regional Health Bureau
SCF Save the Children Fund
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
UNFPA United Nations Population Fund
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organisation
UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
UNICEF United Nations Children Fund
USAID United States Aid for International Development
WFP World Food Programme
WHO World Health Organisation
ZOA Refugee Care Netherlands
[1] DPPC (1998), `Assistance Requirements for Populations displaced by the Eritrean Government's Act of Aggression, Addis Ababa
[2] DPPC (1998), `Relief Requirement for the Internally Displaced', National Fund Raising Committee for the Victims of the Eritrean Government's War of Aggression, Addis Ababa
[3] DPPC (1998), `Assistance Requirements for 1999, Addis Ababa
[4] UN Country Team (1998), `UN Country Team Contingency Plan', 23 October 1998, Addis Ababa
[5] Office of the Resident Coordinator Ethiopia (1998), `Preliminary list of major contributions for the war displaced in Tigray and Afar Regions', UNDP-EUE, 31 July 1998, Addis Ababa